By L. Qin, Harry K. Genant, J.F. Griffith, K.S. Leung
This publication presents a point of view at the present prestige of bioimaging applied sciences built to evaluate the standard of musculoskeletal tissue with an emphasis on bone and cartilage. It bargains reviews of scaffold biomaterials constructed for reinforcing the fix of musculoskeletal tissues. those bioimaging ideas contain micro-CT, nano-CT, pQCT/QCT, MRI, and ultrasound, which offer not just 2-D and three-D photographs of the similar organs or tissues, but additionally quantifications of the proper parameters. the development bioimaging applied sciences built for the above functions also are prolonged by way of incorporating imaging contrast-enhancement fabrics. hence, this publication will supply a special platform for multidisciplinary collaborations in schooling and joint R&D between a number of professions, together with biomedical engineering, biomaterials, and simple and scientific medication.
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Chao ). Fourteen skeletally matured adult male canines were used for this study. Unilateral longitudinal rectangular cortical bone defects were created in the antero-medial surface of the mid-diaphysis of the tibia. 25OD. One dog each was killed and weeks after surgery for microvascular analysis. The remaining dogs were killed each at and weeks, respectively. A vascular corrosion casting method was used for the microvascular analysis. The specimens were coated gold for SEM study.
B The composite pelvis-proximal fremur and hip-joint replacement prosthesis model used to study theeffect of implant design and placement on joint range of motion in activities of daily living. ) external fixator model for distal forearm fracture immobilization and limited wrist movement. The model contains all key mechanical properties of the device including joint motion and pin placement to simulate fracture reduction and wrist continuous passive of motion mounted on universal testing machines or custom-made joint simulators.
MRI microscopy showed that ovariectomy induces deterioration of trabecular microstructure and the biomechanical properties in the femoral neck of ewes. Calcitonin treatment prevented OVX-induced changes in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. ). The femoral neck trabecular microstructure significantly correlates with biomechanical properties, and its combination with BMD further improved the prediction of bone quality. Challenges for Bone Imaging Despite the considerable progress that has been made over the past decade in advanced bone imaging for osteoporosis assessment, a number of challenges remain.
